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Consult-Liaison Education Lessons Medicine Observations

Red Herring (VII).

It was raining. Cars were driving through the water collecting in the gutters. This made it difficult to hear her voice through the phone.

“I’m the consult-liaison psychiatrist seeing your patient,” she said. “Thank you for leaving a note for us about her.”

Huh. So she was admitted to a medical service. Good. Points to the primary medical team for getting the psychiatric consultant involved.

“How is she doing?”

“From a psychiatric standpoint, she’s fine…”

But…?

“… but, they scanned her chest and they found a mass. It doesn’t look good. They think it might be cancer.”

I stopped walking.

“What? Are you serious?”

“Yeah. They’re still doing the workup, but from what they saw on the scan, there’s a good chance that it’s cancer. They’ve told her and she’s okay so far. I’ll continue to see her. She’ll be in the hospital for a while.”

The cars continued to splash water onto the sidewalk. I closed my eyes.

“Thanks for letting me know.”


There’s an adage in medicine: The nicest people are the ones who get cancer.

God, how could you let a nice woman with a diagnosis of schizophrenia develop cancer? Have you no mercy?


Cancer? Could she really have cancer? Did I think it could be cancer? Of course I thought it could be cancer.

Did I?

Why didn’t the ED staff at the first hospital catch this? Could she have developed a mass in her chest in the span of three weeks? Maybe. Maybe it grew fast. But she had been vomiting for months….

Why didn’t I push the inpatient psychiatry staff ask for a medicine consult?

Because we all trusted the medical workup. There was no reason to doubt it.

Right?

But what if I had insisted on one? What if I had demanded it? She was losing weight and the inpatient psychiatrists couldn’t give me an explanation why. They thought her weight loss was due entirely to psychiatric reasons. Their strategy to help her gain weight—locking her out of a bathroom after meals!—wasn’t working. I knew this. They knew this.

I couldn’t stop them from discharging her from the hospital. What was I going to do? Block the exit and demand that she stay?

Maybe I trusted too much.

We all trusted. If they couldn’t find a medical cause, then the problem had to be psychiatric in nature.

How could we have completely forgotten that maybe they just couldn’t find the medical problem yet?

How could I have forgotten that?


The office staff were appalled.

“Should we tell the first hospital about this? They need to know. That could be a lawsuit right there.”

“But we’re not actually going to sue,” I said. “It doesn’t change anything for the patient. At least she’s getting treatment now.”


A few days later, the gastroenterologist called.

“Thank you for calling me. I understand that she has a mass? that she might have cancer?”

“We don’t know about the cancer part,” he said, “but there does seem to be a mass in her chest. We think the mass has been pushing on the esophagus, which caused the esophagus to get thick, like a callous. Then the diameter of his esophagus got smaller, so it became more difficult for her to swallow food. That probably explains her vomiting and weight loss.”

“Right.”

“Tomorrow morning, we’re going to drop a scope down her esophagus to look around. We’re planning on stretching the diameter of her esophagus a bit so she can eat.”

“I’ll come by tomorrow after the procedure. Thank you for letting me know.”

Nothing had changed. Everything had changed.


(Part seven of an ongoing series.)

Categories
Consult-Liaison Education Lessons Medicine Observations

Red Herring (VI).

She was still standing on the scale. 93 pounds. The rest of the team looked at her.

“What should we do?” someone asked.

We all looked at each other.

“Well,” I offered, “this isn’t an emergency—there’s nothing to do right now. She just left the hospital. They won’t take her back right now. Did That Hospital schedule any follow-up medical appointments for her?”

After flipping through the discharge papers, The Worker said, “Nope.”

Unable to restrain myself, I mumbled, “First they don’t call to discuss her care prior to discharging her, then they don’t schedule any follow-up.”

I probably shouldn’t have said that out loud.

Turning to the patient, I said, “I know you just left the hospital. But if your weight drops any more, we’re going to take you back. I’m still worried that there is something happening to your body that is making you lose weight. Does that make sense?”

“I don’t want to go back to that hospital,” she said as she stepped off the scale. “The food doesn’t taste good there.”

“Where would you rather go?”

“I can go to That Other Hospital.” She suddenly flashed a bright smile. “The food there is delicious!”

“Okay, we’ll keep that in mind. Hopefully, though, you won’t have to go back to any hospital at all.”


At our request, she came to the office every day. Two days later, the nurse asked the patient to step on the scale. The nurse then knocked on my door and said, “Come look at this.”

The three of us then peered at the numbers on the scale: 87 pounds.

Alarmed, I looked at the nurse. She nodded.

“I’m sorry,” I said to the patient, “but we need to get you back to a hospital.”

Unlike the last time, she did not protest. She only nodded.

“Which hospital do you want to go to?”

“The Other Hospital. The food tastes better there.”

The Worker joined the nurse, the patient, and me.

“She shouldn’t go back to The Hospital She Just Came From. They weren’t good to her there,” The Worker opined.

“Fair, but there are advantages to sending her back there. They already know her recent history, they are less likely to put her through repeat testing, they may take this problem more seriously—”

“Right, but they didn’t take good care of her.”

The patient looked at me with those eyes that looked too large and sunken for her head.

“Okay. Let’s try to get her to The Other Hospital. I can’t go with her—”

“We’ll call an ambulance this time. That way we’ll know that she’ll get to the emergency room.”

And so we went through the circus again. Poor woman: An ambulance was summoned, the medics helped her tuck her spindly limbs into the back of the car, and I again scribbled out a note with her treatment history. It now included a two-plus week hospital stay and subsequent weight loss. Just six months ago she weighed over 120 pounds! I finished the letter with a plea that she be admitted to the hospital.

The medic took the sheet of paper from my hands. We hoped for the best.


Thankfully, she was admitted to The Other Hospital.

Two days later, doctors started calling me.


(Part six of an ongoing series.)

Categories
Consult-Liaison Education Lessons Medicine Observations

Red Herring (V).

I called the emergency department that night. If she was released, I wanted to know. (Did she make it home safely?) If she was admitted, I wanted to know. (Did the staff know her past history? Experience had taught me not to rely on a paper trail alone, especially when the patient was travelling through multiple departments.)

Though nearly ten hours had passed, she was still in the emergency department.

“Were you the one who tied the note to her gown?”

“Yes.”

The ED doctor on the other end of the line laughed. “We got that, thanks.”

He then told me about the evaluation—physical exam, labs, X-rays—and no significant medical problems were apparent.

“She’s going to be admitted to psych to rule out an eating disorder.”

Frowning, I sighed.

“Please give the admitting team my phone number,” I said. “I want to talk with them once she’s upstairs.”


Several days had passed. No one from the hospital had called me.

After leaving two messages with the attending psychiatrist, I finally got a phone call from the resident about a week later.

“How is my patient?”

“Your patient is fine… don’t worry….” She sounded bored.

“Did you receive my note with the past history?”

“Yeah… schizophrenia, eating disorder… we’ll take good care of her… she’s fine….”

“She hasn’t demonstrated symptoms of an eating disorder in almost two years. I’m worried about a medical etiology.”

“Uh huh, okay….”

“What is her weight now?”

“How much does she weigh? Um… I don’t know.” She suddenly sounded attentive.

“Can you find out right now, please?”

“Yeah, sure, sure… the nurses check it every day…”

“So what was it today?”

My patient wasn’t gaining weight. In fact, she had lost weight since her admission to the hospital.

“We’re locking her out of the bathroom for an hour after every meal so she can’t vomit. She seems to be doing well with that.”

Frowning, I sighed.

“But her weight is down?”

“Um… yeah.”

“Have you considered calling a medicine consult?”

“The patient was medically cleared in the emergency room. Anyway, we’ll probably discharge her soon and she can follow up with her primary care doctor.”

“Ideally, her discharge weight should be greater than her admission weight.” We both understood that my comment was a warning, rather than an opinion.

She quickly ended the conversation.


I visited her a few days later. She was more energetic, though still very thin. The hospital gown hung on her like a sheet on a clothesline.

“Hiya!” she greeted, her smile disproportionately large compared to the size of her face.

After exchanging pleasantries, we sat down on couch covered in dark blue vinyl.

“Have you been throwing up?”

“Yes. Sometimes.”

“You’ve been throwing up…?”

“Yes.”

“They tell me that they keep you out of the bathroom after meals.”

“Uh huh.”

“When do you throw up?”

“At night.”

“Do you make yourself throw up?”

“No.”

“Do you feel sick?”

“I’m fine.”

“Do you hurt anywhere?”

“I’m fine.”

I examined her face, halfway hoping that I could read her mind.

“Are they treating you okay?”

Yes, apparently they were, even though they really were locking her out of the bathroom for an hour after her meals. And, despite this, her weight was still dropping. My efforts to speak with the inpatient psychiatrists were unsuccessful.

I looked at her, unsure of what to say.

“Don’t worry,” she said. “I’m fine.”


Less than a week later, hospital staff called The Worker and told him that they were discharging the patient that morning.

“I wish they would give us more notice,” he grumbled.

He escorted the patient from the hospital directly to the office. We asked her to step on the scale. We all frowned as the digital numbers appeared.

“What? What?” the patient asked.

“93 pounds,” The Worker said. “You weighed 99 pounds when you went in.”


(Part five of an ongoing series.)

Categories
Consult-Liaison Education Medicine Observations

Red Herring (IV).

Five hours had passed. I was kicking myself: Maybe I should have asked that she be sent to the psychiatric side of the emergency room. It might have been quieter. Maybe she would have been evaluated sooner. If she was admitted to the psychiatric unit, then at least a medicine consultant could see her there.

But I knew that would amplify bias. This was a woman with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who had a history of self-induced vomiting. Both hospital psychiatrists and internists were susceptible to the bias that these factors were the causes of her weight loss, especially if they saw her in a psychiatric unit. I wanted her to receive a fair medical evaluation, if there was such a thing.

I also didn’t want my patient to experience a medical emergency in the psychiatric unit. Psychiatric units are the least equipped to deal with that.


The soonest appointment my patient could get with her primary care doctor was two months out. Because she was “a poor historian”, her worker accompanied her to the clinic. I told him to please call me if the internist had questions. He did: “I’m here with the patient at the doctor’s office. Dr. Checkedout wants to talk to you.”

We introduced ourselves.

“Thanks for seeing my patient. What do you think is going on?”

“She said that her teeth are bothering her, so that’s why she hasn’t been eating—”

“Wait, what? Her teeth? But—”

“Yeah, she said that she has pain in her teeth. That’s probably causing the decrease in oral intake, which is contributing—”

“Did you get the history that she has been vomiting—”

“That’s what the worker said, but the patient said that she was fine—”

I slapped the palm of my hand against my forehead.

“—and she said that her teeth hurt.”

“The patient always says she’s fine. The worker has a more detailed history and we’re concerned that something medical is causing the vomiting—”

“The patient said she’s not vomiting. Her weight is down and she knows this. She said that her teeth hurt…”

Feeling defeated and realizing that I had interrupted everything she had said thus far, I waited for her to finish.

“… and that’s probably why her weight is down. Her exam was normal. Nice woman. I asked The Worker to schedule an appointment with a dentist and to encourage her to eat more, maybe drink Ensures for now. She should come back in two or three months. By the way, I’m leaving for vacation tomorrow, so Dr. Someotherperson will be covering for me.”

Ah ha.

“Right. Can you send a copy of your note to my office?”

“Sure, sure.”

“And can you ask The Worker to call me after the appointment is done?”

“Will do.”

Ten minutes later, The Worker called me and commented, “It doesn’t sound like you were able to get through to Dr. Checkedout, either.”

“Nope. Apparently it’s just a dental problem.”

“I tried to tell her that the patient had never complained about her teeth before and that we were worried about the vomiting.”

“I know.” I trusted The Worker; he was a good man and a skilled clinician. “Well, at least Dr. Checkedout didn’t find anything alarming today. We have a follow-up appointment and we can make that dental appointment, I guess. We’ll continue to watch her.”

That was three weeks ago.


My patient had been asleep for over an hour. It was still noisy and crowded in the emergency room. I had flipped and reflipped through the two magazines.

Glancing at my watch, I realized that I had to leave to see other patients.

I grabbed a sheet of blank chart paper and copied down the contents of my typed letter. Reluctantly, I shook my patient’s shoulder. Her bleary eyes opened.

“I have to leave,” I said. She nodded. “I’m going to tie this letter to your gown. When the doctor finally sees you, make sure the doctor reads this, okay?”

She nodded and curled back up. She was soon asleep.

I wondered about HIPAA as I threaded the string of her gown through the hole punch of the paper. What if other people hovered over her and began to read the letter?

She, however, couldn’t tell the story as it needed to be told. I wished that was different.

After tying the square knot, I stood back to examine my handiwork. A nurse graciously accepted my typed letter and brought it to the clerk. After silently saying good-bye to my patient, I walked through the hallways lined with gurneys filled with suffering people and escaped the hospital.


(Part four of an ongoing series.)

Categories
Consult-Liaison Education Lessons Medicine Observations

Red Herring (III).

In medical parlance my patient was called “a poor historian”. When this phrase appears in the chart, it means that the doctor who was conducting the interview believed that the patient could not communicate effectively. Perhaps the patient made no sense (Doctor: “Where do you hurt?” Patient: “Pain in the lettuce!”) or the patient’s report contained many contradictions (Patient with dementia at minute two: “I always take my blood pressure medicine.” Minute twelve: “I can’t remember the last time I picked up my medicines from the pharmacy.”)

In regards to my patient, she made little sense when she spoke. This, however, was not due to problems with her grammar or vocabulary.

She always said that she was fine.

She, however, was not fine.

She had lost over fifty pounds in the past year. When asked about her weight, she said that it was fine. She was vomiting on a near daily basis for the past few months. When asked about her health, she said that it was fine. When asked specifically about vomiting, she said that was fine. When asked how many times she had vomited in the past day, she said, “Three times.”

When asked to repeat what we had just spoken about, she said, “I’m fine.” Only with additional prodding was she able to parrot back the conversation.

She had huffed toluene in her former life, which destroyed many cells in her brain. We suspected this was the primary reason why she was “a poor historian”. She never seemed like she was fully present. This wasn’t willful behavior. It’s just the way she was.

For all of her problems with communication, though, some things carried over from her past: She was courteous and gracious. Whether waking up from a nap in the busy clubhouse, waiting for her worker at the office, or sitting in the lobby of her building, she’d flash a toothy grin at me and greet, “Hello! How are yoooou?” as if we had known each other for years.

Good manners go a long way.

Someone else had escorted her to the emergency room prior to her first hospitalization. We initially suspected that she had an eating disorder that led to her weight loss. During that hospitalization, however, she received two units of blood. And that doesn’t usually happen to people who vomit to lose weight.

The medical doctors abruptly discharged her from the hospital. No psychiatrist evaluated her while she was there. No follow-up medical appointments were scheduled for her. No one had an explanation for her weight loss.

Her weight only decreased further. Every week, I asked her to step on the scale in the office.

“I want my weight to be 100 pounds,” she said.

“What’s going to happen if your weight goes below 100 pounds?” I sternly asked.

“I have to go to the hospital.”

“Do you want to go to the hospital?”

“No.”

“So how much do you want to weigh?”

“130 pounds.”

She kept vomiting. Even though she continued to order fried chicken and pizza when out and sat down for meals at her residence, she continued to vomit.

“Are you making yourself throw up?”

“No.”

“When does it happen?”

“After I eat.”

“Do you have pain anywhere?”

“No.”

I had no idea how much faith to put into her answers. However, there was no incentive for her to lie, as we used her weight as the benchmark for hospitalization.

“What’s your favorite thing to eat?”

Her face blossomed into a smile.

“Cookies.”

“What kind of cookies?”

She thought about this. “Oreos.”

“I want you to eat at least half a package of Oreo cookies every day.”

She smiled even more. “Every day?”

“Every day.”

“That’s not really healthy, is it?” the patient’s worker asked. He, too, was worried about the patient’s health, though questioned the prudence of my suggestion.

“It’s not, but she needs to eat something. I just want to train her to eat something regularly.”

As far as we know, my patient never did this.


(Part three of an ongoing series.)